考虑塑性应变率梯度的单轴压缩岩样轴向响应   总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2  

王学滨  潘一山  于海军 《岩土力学》2003,24(6):943-946

基于剪切应变率梯度格式,采用解析方式研究了岩石材料在单轴压缩条件下的应变软化的结构响应。根据非局部连续介质模型,提出了一维二阶剪切应变率梯度格式。非局部剪切应变率与局部剪切应变率及其二阶梯度有关。将经典塑性理论中的局部剪切应变率替换为非局部剪切应变率,可以直接得到局部剪切应变率的封闭解析解,而不必通过将局部剪切应变对时间求导获得。通过对局部剪切应变率积分,得到了沿剪切带方向的相对剪切速度。试件峰值强度后的端部速度由弹性及塑性两部分构成。前一部分由虎克定律描述;后一部分与相对剪切速度有关。对弹性及塑性两部分速度求和,得到了单轴压缩岩样剪切破坏问题轴向响应的解析式。研究表明：试样高度越大、内部长度越小、剪切软化模量越大及泊松比越小,则岩样的轴向响应倾向于脆性。根据岩样与矿柱的相似性,岩样响应倾向于脆性,意味着矿柱将失去稳定性,发生矿柱岩爆。目前的基于剪切应变率梯度格式的主要优点是简洁。  相似文献   

Flow localization in fissure eruptions     

Jonathan J. Wylie  Karl R. Helfrich  Brian Dade  John R. Lister  John F. Salzig 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1999,60(6):432-440

 During a basaltic fissure eruption heat transfer from the hot magma to the surrounding rock causes a dramatic increase in the magmatic viscosity and solidification at the margins. Both viscosity contrast and solidification can amplify initial variations in the flow rate and lead to localization of the flow along the strike of the fissure. However, for typical parameters, amplification driven by solidification is slower and significantly weaker than amplification driven by viscosity variations. In fact, for the parameters examined, the amplification due to solidification is so weak that its effect is almost insignificant, whereas viscosity variation provides a strong active mechanism for flow localization. Laboratory experiments illustrate viscous localization and suggest that this mechanism is robust. The dependence of viscosity on temperature can cause a small change in the pressure of the magma chamber to lead to a large jump in the flow rate of magma through the fissure. Received: 13 March 1998 / Accepted: 27 September 1998  相似文献   

集合变换卡尔曼滤波数据同化方法中的协方差局地化     

王际朝  王玥  臧绍东  杨俊钢  纪艳菊  阮宗利 《海洋科学》2021,45(6):34-43

在集合数据同化中,协方差局地化（covariance localization,CL）方法的使用存在限制。集合转换卡尔曼滤波（ensemble transform Kalman filter,ETKF）作为集合平方根滤波的变种方法,是一种应用较广、计算高效的数据同化方法。本文分析了CL方法应用于ETKF方法的困难,从而改进CL方法使其可以适用于ETKF方法。另外,结合浅水方程,利用Askey函数作为多元局地化函数,提出了一种适用于多元数值模型的CL方法。通过具体实验验证,得到了较好的分析结果。  相似文献   

The Interpolation Evolution Method for damage localization in structures under seismic excitation          下载免费PDF全文

C. Iacovino  R. Ditommaso  F.C. Ponzo  M.P. Limongelli 《地震工程与结构动力学》2018,47(10):2117-2136

In the aftermath of an earthquake, data acquired by a monitoring system can be used to identify possible damage that occurred in the structure by using algorithms to estimate proper damage features. In this paper, a new method is proposed for damage localization in beam‐like structures under seismic excitation. The proposed algorithm, named the Interpolation Evolution Method (IEM), is based on the combination of two existing methods: the Interpolation Method and the Curvature Evolution Method. Only responses recorded in story accelerations are required to estimate the damage feature with the combined IEM approach. This method does not require a priori knowledge of a “signature” of the structure because it exploits responses recorded during a single strong motion event. Herein, the IEM is applied to case studies of 2 reinforced concrete frames excited by several different ground motions, simulated using nonlinear finite element models and recorded during experimental tests carried out on a shaking table at the University of California, San Diego (USA) and at the University of Basilicata (Italy).  相似文献   

横观各向同性岩土材料的应变局部化分析          下载免费PDF全文

丁巍  楚锡华  常江芳 《地震工程学报》2017,39(3):481-487,508

为分析横观各向同性岩土材料的应变局部化行为,推导对应于Lade横观各向同性屈服准则向前欧拉算法的迭代格式及本构矩阵,通过有限元软件ABAQUS的UMAT接口实现相应的程序代码。数值算例调查分析材料主方向对横观各向同性岩土结构的极限承载力和变形局部化模式的影响。结果表明该模型能较好地模拟横观各向同性岩土结构的应变局部化行为。  相似文献   

Uniqueness and localization analysis of elastic–plastic saturated porous media     

H. W. Zhang  B. A. Schrefler 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2001,25(1):29-48

Conditions for localization of deformation into a planar (shear) band in the incremental response of elastic–plastic saturated porous media are derived in the case of small strains and rotations. The critical modulus for localization of both undrained and drained conditions are given in terms of the discontinuous bifurcation analysis of the problem. Loss of uniqueness of the response of coupled problems is investigated by means of positiveness of the second‐order work density. From the discussion of drained conditions, it is shown that there are two critical hardening moduli, i.e. lower and upper hardening moduli which, respectively, correspond to single phase material (large permeability) and to undrained conditions (small permeability). In analogy to one‐dimensional results, it is shown that there exists a domain of permeability values where we have loss of stability, but the waves can still propagate. In this domain finite element results do not show pathological mesh dependence, and permeability will play the role of an internal length parameter in dynamic models. The length scale prediction is thus given for multi‐dimensional problems. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

工程结构损伤定位方法的研究     

李华军  方辉  S.L.James.Hu 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2005,35(4):641-648

针对三维框架结构等复杂大型土木工程结构,研究基于振动测试的结构损伤诊断方法,提出了1种精确、有效的基于交叉模态应变能(CMSE)的结构损伤诊断方法。传统的模态应变能方法是将损伤前后的同阶模态进行比较,而CMSE方法没有这个限制。此方法最大的优点是需要的模态信息数量少——通常一阶模态就足够了,除此之外CMSE方法不要求进行模态的归一化。文中以三维5层的框架结构的有限元模型对新的方法进行了验证。数值模拟中结构的损伤分为2种情况——单个单元损伤和多个单元的损伤。虽然只给出了三维框架结构的示例,但这种新方法同样适用于其他结构。  相似文献   

水声定位系统中迭代适应点分层的声线修正算法          下载免费PDF全文

陈嘉兴  赵晓旭  董怡靖  丁路  刘志华 《海洋科学》2023,47(4):155-164

水声定位系统中, 声线弯曲是造成定位误差大的主要原因, 本文针对该问题提出了一种迭代适应点分层(IAPL)的声线修正算法, 将声速剖面筛选分层修正声线。首先搭建水声定位模型, 通过拟合目标海域的监测数据, 得到声速高次函数; 其次探究声线弯曲时目标位置与掠射角的关联性, 由此构造出声线插值函数并求解路径参数; 最后提出划分原则, 精简声速剖面分层。仿真结果表明, 所提算法定位误差较低, 分层精简率均维持在48.04%的水平, 使计算量平均下降可达50.27%, 能够最大程度保留声速剖面的原始特征, 减少分层数量, 提高计算效率。  相似文献   

The influence of anisotropy on compaction bands: The case of coaxiality between stress and fabric anisotropy tensors     

Chara Prassa  Sotiris Alevizos  Manolis Veveakis  Yannis F. Dafalias 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2022,46(1):68-88

Compaction bands are localized failure patterns that appear in highly porous rock material under the effect of relatively high confining pressure. Being affected mainly by volumetric compression, these bands appear to be almost perpendicular to the most compressive principal stress of a stress state at the so-called “cap” of the yield surface (YS). In this study, we focus on the mechanism that leads to the onset of compaction bands by using a viscoplasticity model able to describe the post-localization response of these materials. The proposed constitutive framework is based on the overstress theory of Perzyna (1966) and the anisotropic clay plasticity model of Dafalias (1986), which provides not only the necessary “cap” of the YS, but introduces a rotational hardening (RH) mechanism, thus, accounting for the effect of fabric anisotropy. Following the analysis of Veveakis and Regenauer-Lieb (2015), we identify the compaction bands as “static” cnoidal wave formations in the medium that occur at a post-yield regime, and we study the effect of rotational and isotropic hardening on their onset. Moreover, we determine a theoretical range of confining pressures in triaxial compression tests for the compaction bands to develop. Under the assumption of coaxiality between stress and anisotropy tensors, the results show that the isotropic hardening promotes compaction localization, whereas the RH has a slightly negative effect on the onset of compaction localization.  相似文献   

集合降维变分同化中的初始扰动和局地化          下载免费PDF全文

希爽 《气象科技》2022,50(5):670-676

集合降维变分同化方法ERDVar不需要求解切线性模式和伴随模式，不仅能减少同化计算量，而且能够提供“流依赖”的背景误差协方差矩阵。本文提出用NMC初始扰动生成方法和分区同化方案，来解决初始扰动样本生成问题和全球同化局地化问题，最终实现将ERDVar应用到全球中期数值预报模式T106L19。试验结果表明：①使用ERDVar方法能够有效提取真实增量信息，提高全球同化精度。②用NMC方法产生的扰动样本反映预报误差结构特征，在预报过程中不容易衰减，同化后至少使预报误差降低10%。③与全球ERDVar同化试验相比，分区ERDVar同化试验各变量平均的均方根误差降低14%，计算代价进一步降低。分区ERDVar方法和NMC样本的联合应用使同化改进效果更稳定。  相似文献